Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in Japan: Finding from a Database of Patients Receiving Financial Aid for Treatment
METHODS: We obtained clinical records for SJS and TEN from the MHLW between 2009 and 2012. Eighteen duplicate cases were excluded from the analysis and clinical data from 241 patients (SJS: 161 cases, TEN: 75 cases, Unknown disease type: 5 cases) including sex, age, activity in daily life, symptoms, and treatments were included in the final analysis.
RESULTS: The sex ratio (male/female) of the subjects was 1.06 for SJS and 0.70 for TEN. TEN most frequently afflicted patients in the 60- 69 years age group, whereas SJS were widely distributed across the age groups. A total of 72.7% of patients with SJS and 53.3% of patients with TEN could perform daily activities almost independently, whereas 18.6% of patients with SJS and 37.3% of patients with TEN needed some assistance. A total of 92.5% of patients with SJS received corticosteroids (76.5% efficacy rate), 50.9% received steroid pulse therapy(75.6% efficacy rate), 17.8% received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy(58.8% efficacy rate), and 1.9% received plasma exchange therapy (66.7% efficacy rate). Of the patients with TEN, 88.0% received corticosteroids (60.6% efficacy rate), 82.7% received steroid pulse therapy (64.5% efficacy rate), 45.3% received IVIG therapy(58.8% efficacy rate), and 22.7% received plasma exchange therapy (64.7% efficacy rate).
CONCLUSIONS: Using a clinical database, we clarified the clinical and epidemiological features of SJS and TEN in Japan.
Acknowledgements: This work was partly supported by the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants “Research on Intractable Diseases” from the MHLW of Japan.