The effect of smoking on prostate cancer survival: a cohort analysis in Barcelona

Murta-Nascimento, Cristiane

The effect of smoking on prostate cancer survival: a cohort analysis in Barcelona

Tuesday, 19 August 2014

Exhibit hall (Dena'ina Center)

Cristiane Murta-Nascimento, PhD , UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil

Ana Isabel Romero, PhD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Maria Sala, PhD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

José Antonio Lorente, PhD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Joaquim Bellmunt, PhD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Núria Juanpere Rodero, MD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Josep Lloreta, PhD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Angels Hospital, BA , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Andrea Burón, PhD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Xavier Castells, PhD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Francesc Macià, PhD , Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain

INTRODUCTION:

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of smoking on prostate cancer-specific mortality. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 1,109 subjects with prostate cancer diagnosed from 1992 to 2008 and identified through the Hospital del Mar Cancer Registry (Barcelona, Spain).

METHODS:

The information on smoking habits was retrieved from the clinical records and it was classified in three categories: never, ex- and current smokers. Patients were followed until December 2011. Survival curves were plotted using Kaplan-Meier methods. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) from prostate cancer-specific death.

RESULTS:

Median age at diagnosis was 70.6 years and 16.7% of patients had stage IV tumours. During the follow-up, 466 deaths occurred, 36.1% of them being specifically due to prostate cancer. The median follow-up time of the censored patients was 5.84 years. There was a significant difference in survival between never, ex-, and current smokers (log rank test, p-value= 0.0001). Current smokers presented a worse 5-year survival rate (82.9%) than ex-smokers (88.9%) and never smokers (89.6%). In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age, disease stage, Gleason score, and prostate-specific antigen, the HR for smokers was 1.80 (95% CI: 1.04-3.13) compared to never smokers. In the ex-smokers group the risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality was very similar to the never smokers (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.72-2.11). However, the statistical difference disappeared when we stratified by stage group (I-III and IV).

CONCLUSIONS:

Smoking was identified as an independent and negative prognosticator for prostate cancer. These findings suggest that smoking-cessation programs could be beneficial for prostate cancer patients.