The Prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Related Factors in 6th - 8th grade students in Mamak Province of Ankara, Turkey

Atak, Nazli

INTRODUCTION:

During the last two decades, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents has increased worldwide. Prediabetes, defined as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance is an intermediate stage in the development of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of IFG in 6^th-8^th grade students and to evaluate the influencing factors.

METHODS:

A population-based sample of 805 6^th -8^thgrade students was assessed for the prevalence of IFG in a cross-sectional study according to the diagnostic criteria of American Diabetes Association (fasting plasma glucose: 100-125 mg/dL). Baseline data provided sociodemographic characteristics, family history of T2D, anthropometric measurements such as body-mass index, waist circumference, and levels of blood pressure. The risk of IFG was calculated using logistic regression.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of IFG was 9.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.7%-11.7%), and increased to 16.5%in students with history of T2D in first degree relatives. It reached 21.7% in the case of maternal history of T2D. This significances still existed in girls (P= 0.011, P= 0.005), but not in boys (P= 0.324, P= 0.147). On univariate regression, the following risk factors showed significant association with history of T2D in first degree relatives (odds ratio [OR]: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.13-3.73), maternal history of T2D (OR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.49-5.62), being overweight (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.04-3.07), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.17-3.00). On multivariate analysis, only maternal history of T2D (OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.38-5.26), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.11-2.87) remained significant. In girls, maternal history of T2D (OR: 6.54, 95% CI: 2.34-18.29), and abdominal obesity (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.11-4.02) were associated with IFG.

CONCLUSIONS:

Maternal history of T2D, and abdominal obesity were considered to be the determinants of IFG.