Is Sexual Health a Matter of Concern among Late Adolescent Girls in Rural Areas: A cross-sectional study in Northern India

Tuesday, 19 August 2014
Exhibit hall (Dena'ina Center)
Sangeeta Kansal, MD , Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Alok Kumar, PhD , Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
INTRODUCTION:  Adolescence is shrouded in myths & misconception about sexual health & sexuality in India, especially in rural areas. Talking about sex is considered as taboo and consequently little information is provided to adolescent about sexual health. In India, about 20 per cent of all young women are thought to be sexually active by the time they are 15. Providing reproductive & sexual health education during adolescence is an important but challenging part of ARSH

METHODS:  A descriptive, cross-sectional study using a mix method approach was conducted among 650 adolescent girls of 15-19 years age group.  Quantitative data were collected on various components of sexual health along with socio-economic & demographic characteristics at individual (adolescent concerned) and household level. Focus group discussions were also conducted to substantiate the survey findings

RESULTS: Awareness about RTI/STI was also very low (4%) in contrast to HIV/AIDS (70 %) among adolescents in study areas. 23 percent were aware about different family planning methods & about 80 percent were not aware about safe abortion. About fifty per cent were not responded about their views on sexual relations & to one third stated that it was irrelevant. Almost all of them were not aware about safe sex and more than one-third considered only rape as sexual abuse. Legal age of marriage & childbearing was not known to more than 50 & 85 percent respectively. Only 10 percent were aware about Govt. health programs specifically for adolescents.  

CONCLUSIONS: Overall sexual health awareness was very poor among respondents. Since majority were school going, so information on all issues to improve their sexual health, consequences of RTI & unplanned pregnancy should be explained in school settings. Govt.  health workers at community level can also play a important role in creating the awareness about various health programs for adolescents