Cardiovascular risk factors in semi-urban communities in South West Nigeria

Oluyombo, Rotimi

Cardiovascular risk factors in semi-urban communities in South West Nigeria

Tuesday, 19 August 2014

Exhibit hall (Dena'ina Center)

Rotimi Oluyombo, MD , Federal Medical Centre, Ido Ekiti, Nigeria

Michael Olamoyegun, MD , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

Oluwole A Babatunde, MPH , Federal Medical Center, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria

Oluyomi Okunola, MD , Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Timothy Olanrewaju, MD , University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

Oluwasegun Olaifa, MD , Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria

John Owoade, MD , Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Patricia Akinwusi, MD , Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria

Olugbenga Ayodele, MD , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

Adewale Akinsola, MD , Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

INTRODUCTION:

It will be a calamity for the developing countries to experience burden of the projected increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. This is because these nations are faced with multiple burdens of challenges. In the last few decades there have been various reports of rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases with associated morbidity and mortality. This is in spite of daunting poor socioeconomic indices and high prevalence of infectious diseases.

METHODS:

This is a cross sectional study on cardiovascular risk factors and their association with cardiovascular diseases in semi-rural communities of South West Nigeria.

RESULTS:

Total number of participants was 1285 with 436 (33.9%) being females. Mean age of participants was 55.76±20.03 years and participants ≥ 65 years was 38.3%. There were 2.8%, 22.7% and 12.2 % who at the time of study smoked cigarette, consumed alcohol and high salt consumers respectively. While 2.2% and 23.6% had been diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension respectively, only 48.9% were receiving treatment for hypertension. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and obesity (with BMI and abdominal circumference) was 41.3%, 6.8%, 6.4% and 25.7% respectively. The atherogenic index of plasma defined as log₁₀ (TG/HDL-C) was at high risk level in 11.1 %. Elevated total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and low HDL was seen in 5.9%, 3.8% and 21% respectively. Kidney dysfunction with GFR <60ml/min/1.73m2 was 11.7% while proteinuria and microalbuminuria were recorded in 16.8% and 15.8% respectively. There was higher number (≥3) of cluster of cardiovascular risk factors in age >65 years, female, hypertension, diabetes and participants with GFR <60mls/min/1.73m²(p=0.000).

CONCLUSIONS:

High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and increasing clustering of risk factors with cardiovascular diseases calls for urgent need for more public health aggression and reinforcement of the primary preventive strategies to curb the menace of cardiovascular diseases.