Sociodemographic characteristics related to Sickness Presenteeism of migrants workers in Spain
METHODS: Data come from the ITSAL project. 318 migrants who came to Spain to work in 2008 (during the economic expansion) were interviewed (telephonic) in 2011 (in the economic crisis). The outcome variable was sickness presenteeism (measured in 2011) defined as going to work in the last 12 months despite being sick or in a medical condition needing a sick leave. Socio-demographic variables were: Age (≤ 34, 35-44, ≥45) social security coverage (yes/no), income (in euros: ≤ 1200, ≥ 1201) family burden (yes/no) and country of origin (Ecuador, Morocco, Colombia, Romania). Logistic regression was carried out in order to calculate crudes and adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (95%CI). Analyses were conducted separately for men (M) and women (W).
RESULTS: Prevalence of presenteeism was higher in women (37%) than men (33%). Specific analyses shown that the prevalence was higher for men aged 35-44 (40%) and women aged ≤ 34 years (41%), those without social security (M: 36%; W: 48%), earning salaries ≤ 1200 euros (M: 37%; W: 38%), with family burden (H: 39%; W: 37%), men from Colombia (36%) and women from Ecuador (52%). After adjusting in multivariate analyses, men aged 35-44 years (aOR 3.08; 95%CI 1.04-9.08), men with family burden (aOR 5.13; 95%CI 1.63-16.12) and women from Ecuador (aOR 3.13; 95% CI 1.12-8.80) were more likely to report presenteeism.
CONCLUSIONS: Differences were found in the magnitude and severity of sickness presenteeism that is important to consider in the context of economic crisis.