URBANITY AND INDICATORS OF MORTALITY IN BRAZIL'S COUNTIES

Tuesday, 19 August 2014
Exhibit hall (Dena'ina Center)
Jessica Moreira, MS , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Ronir Luiz, PhD , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Juliana Cerqueira, BA , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Pachoal Castro, BA , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Camila Muzi, MS , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Carlos Leonado Cunha, MS , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Alexandre Brito, PhD , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
INTRODUCTION:  Urbanity in Brazil often doesn’t express specificities of each environment, whether considering the political-administrative definition or dichotomous classification: urban and rural. This study aims to present general mortality and the five leading causes of death in Brazil rates (cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, external causes, respiratory, infectious and parasitic diseases) by three levels of urbanity: small, medium-sized and large counties. 

METHODS:  County level ecological study classified into 3 groups considering population size and population density (PD): small (<50.000 inhabitants [inh.] and PD <80 inh./km²), medium-sized (between 50 and 100.000 inh. or PD >80 inh./km² and <100.000 inh.), and large (>100.000 inh.). We calculated counties groups’s general and specifics mortality rates. Data from the Health System Computer Department (DATASUS – 2010). 

RESULTS:  As results, 80.1% of the counties were small counties, 14.8% medium-sized counties and 5.1% large counties. General mortality rates were 581.5 [standard deviation – SD=191,5] (small), 591.3 [SD=142,9] (medium-sized) and 596.4 [SD=125, 5] (large) per 100.000 inh.. Circulatory and neoplasms diseases, the two biggest causes of death in Brazil, showed rates of 172.2 [SD=46,9] (large), 182.1 [SD=63,7] (medium-sized), 184.3 [SD=85,5] (small) per 100.000 inh.; and 98.8 [SD=31,0] (large), 86.8 [SD=37,1] (medium-sized), 91.7 [SD=55,4] (small) per 100.000 inh., respectively. External causes mortality rates were 78.3 [SD=26,5] (large), 72.9 [SD=27,2] (medium-sized), 69.4 [SD=36,4] (small) per 100.000 inh.. The rates for respiratory diseases were 64.9 [SD=24.3], 57.9 [SD=28,7], 62.6 [SD=42.3] per 100.000 inh., for counties large, medium and small sized, respectively. Infectious and parasitic diseases had rates of 26.5 [SD=9.5] (large), 23.7 [SD=11,8] (medium), 28.5 [SD=20.0] (small). 

CONCLUSIONS:  Mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases, and infectious and parasitic diseases were higher in counties classified as small. In general, a gradient can be observed between the 3 levels of urbanity in cardiovascular disease and external causes mortality. The exception is the lower rates in circulatory desease among large counties.

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