EVALUATION OF SODIUM IN ADOLESCENTS: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY IN CAMPINAS, SAO PAULO, BRAZIL

Tuesday, 19 August 2014
Exhibit hall (Dena'ina Center)
Marcia Messaggi Dias, DO , State University of Campinas - UNICAMP,Brazil., Campinas, Brazil
Antonio A Barros Filho, PhD , State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Brazil, Campinas, Brazil
Daniela de Assumpção, MD , State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Brazil., Campinas, Brazil
Marilisa Barros, PhD , State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
Regina M Fisberg, PhD , University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Maria Cecilia Alves, PhD , State Department of Health of São Paulo, Institute of Health, São Apulo, Brazil
INTRODUCTION: The excess of sodium chloride in food is related to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, which are among the leading causes of death in the adult Brazilian population. The aim was to evaluate the association between the 4th quartile of the distribution of sodium intake compared to the 1st quartile of the distribution of this nutrient, in adolescents aged from 10 to 19 years-old, according to demographic, socioeconomic and health-related behaviors.   

METHODS: The data obtained from the "Health Inquiry of Campinas", a population-based survey. The study analyzed 924 adolescents of both sexes - obtained by the population sample stratified by clusters. The 24-hour dietary recall provided the information necessary to evaluate the intake of sodium. We used linear regression to evaluate the association between the 4th quartile of the distribution of sodium intake compared to the 1st quartile of the distribution of this nutrient and independent variables.   

RESULTS: The sample studied the highest proportion in males (68.5%) and aged from 15-19 years (55.2%). The prevalence of inadequacy according to the Maximum Tolerable Unit for the population was 81.65% (95% CI: 78.32 to 84.57%). The average nutrient intake was 3495.13 mg (95% CI: 3357.75 to 3632.5). The main findings were: a prevalence of inadequate sodium intake significantly higher in male adolescents (p=0.000), in which reported that they had up to 5 numbers of equipment at home (p=0.03), possess shack/room as characterization of domicile (p=0.02) and adolescents working (p=0.01). Furthermore, we found a higher prevalence of lower sodium intake among adolescents who reported consumption of soft drinks 7 days a week (p=0.01), from 1-4 times a week consumption of alcoholic beverages (p=0.0009).   

CONCLUSIONS: The findings revealed a high sodium intake according to socioeconomic variables, pointing to a need for attention to socially vulnerable segments and signaling the relevance of global orientation.

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